IW

Ancient Epistemology (Pramanas)

The means of valid knowledge.

Every knowledge system stands on its account of how we know. The Indic answer is the pramana framework — perception, inference, testimony, and their disciplined combination — argued across centuries of Nyaya, Mimamsa, and Vedanta debate with a precision modern epistemology would recognize. This research shelf collects our work on the pramanas as usable method: for reading the sources, for

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Every knowledge system stands on its account of how we know. The Indic answer is the pramana framework — perception, inference, testimony, and their disciplined combination — argued across centuries of Nyaya, Mimamsa, and Vedanta debate with a precision modern epistemology would recognize. This research shelf collects our work on the pramanas as usable method: for reading the sources, for judging claims about the tradition, and for the dialogue with contemporary science.